Six Years of Tower Servers: Exceptional Database Performance with PowerEdge T560
Thu, 12 Oct 2023 21:43:58 -0000
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Transformation is an intrinsic part of the technological world, just as seasons transition and leaves change hue during fall. In the six years since the launch of 14th Generation PowerEdge servers, the tower servers have evolved greatly with no shortage of performance gains, feature improvements, and expanding workload capabilities. To demonstrate the magnitude and scope of these improvements, we tested two different workloads across the PowerEdge T440, T550, and T560 towers.
While we primarily discuss database workload testing in this blog, stay tuned for another post covering Artificial Intelligence (AI) inferencing in the coming weeks.
PowerEdge tower upgrades – T440 to T550 to T560
Before we get ahead of ourselves, there are a variety of feature improvements to highlight in the latest tower server--the PowerEdge T560--that make it well-worth the upgrade:
Table 1. PowerEdge T440 vs T550 vs T560 key features
| |||
CPU | 2nd Generation Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processors | 3rd Generation Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processors | 4th Generation Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processors |
GPU | Up to 1 DW GPU | Up to 2 DW or 5 SW GPUs | Up to 2 DW or 6 SW GPU |
Drives up to: | 16 x 2.5” or 8 x 3.5” | 8 x 2.5” or 16 x 2.5” or 24 x 2.5” or 8 x 3.5” or 8 x 3.5” + 8 x 2.5” | 8 x 2.5’’ or 16 x 2.5’’ or 24 x 2.5’’ or 12 x 3.5’’ or 8 x 3.5’’ or 8 x 3.5’’ + 8 x 2.5’’ |
Memory | DDR4, up to 2666 MT/s DIMM Speed | DDR4, up to 3200 MT/s DIMM Speed | DDR5, up to 4800 MT/S DIMM Speed |
PCIe Slots | PCIe Gen3 slots | PCIe Gen4 slots | PCIe Gen5 slots |
As Table 1 illustrates, the T560 is truly a powerhouse, designed to reflect the evolving workload requirements of small to medium businesses from office to edge. Compared to the T550, the T560 has 20% greater GPU capacity. Considering Forrester projects a 36% average annual growth in generative AI spending, this increased GPU capacity is fantastic for businesses looking to pursue emerging AI workloads.
There are also huge benefits associated with the jump from 2nd Gen Intel® Xeon® Processors in the T440 to 4th Gen Intel® Xeon® Processors in the T560, including up to 1.8x greater memory bandwidth. Learn more about memory bandwidth for Next-Gen PowerEdge Servers here. Additionally, PCIe Gen 5 doubles the data transfer rate compared to PCIe Gen 4 and quadruples the transfer rate compared to PCIe Gen 3, described in greater detail here. The T560 also supports the latest PowerEdge RAID Controller 12 (PERC 12), while the T550 only supports PERC 11 and the T440 only supports PERC 9. Read about the performance improvements of PERC 12 here.
And these are just the highlights. Find more information on the technologies powering Next Generation PowerEdge servers here.
Figure 1. From left to right: T440, T550, T560
PowerEdge T560 accelerates database workloads
Throughout the world of small and medium businesses, one use case and attendant application cuts across nearly every enterprise: the Database. PowerEdge tower servers enable businesses to maintain control of vital customer data in a high-speed array of drives, all in your chosen database type. As demonstrated by lab testing, selecting a latest-gen T560 can provide up to 3x the transactions per second (read/write performance) compared to the T440 and 2.6x the transactions per second compared to the T550.[1]
When using a relational database with complex queries and large volumes of data, performance is pivotal. As we all know and have experienced, data often grows exponentially over the course of work and business. The exceptional read/write performance, scalable storage capacity, and easy deployment of the T560 keeps businesses ahead of this deluge of data and its associated headaches.
Testing Details and Results
On all three towers, we ran a Phoronix Test Suite to evaluate database performance with PostgreSQL, an open-source SQL relational database that is popular with small businesses. The testing configurations are listed in the following table. Each system has a Gold-class Intel® Xeon® processor, equal memory capacity, and storage to reflect industry transitions. All testing was conducted in a Dell Technologies lab.
Table 2. Testing Configurations
| PowerEdge T440 | PowerEdge T550 | PowerEdge T560 |
CPU | Intel® Xeon® Gold 5222 4c/8T, TDP 105W | Intel® Xeon® Gold 6338N 32c/64T, TDP 185W | Intel® Xeon® Gold 6448Y 32c/64T, TDP 225W |
Storage | 4x 800 GB SAS SSD (RAID 5) | 4x 960 GB SAS SSD | 4x 1.6TB NVMe |
Memory | 512 GB DDR4
| 512 GB DDR4 | 512 GB DDR5 |
The read/write performance (measured in transactions per second) of the PostgreSQL database workload is shown in Figure 2. These results correspond to the test with 800 clients and a scaling factor of 10,000. Clients essentially represent the number of users, and the scaling factor is a multiplier for the number of rows in each table.
Figure 2. PostgreSQL read/write performance gains compared to PowerEdge T560
As previously discussed, this performance benchmark reveals PowerEdge T560 to be 2.6x faster than the PowerEdge T550 and 3.1x faster than the PowerEdge T440 in PostgreSQL workloads.
We also evaluated memory bandwidth across all three systems using STREAM. This benchmark is used throughout the tech industry to characterize memory bandwidth on many different devices. Synthetic benchmarks can be useful to show the relative performance of new technologies objectively. In the following figure, we report STREAM’s Triad (in GB/s), which is the most complex scenario in the benchmark.
Figure 3. Memory bandwidth gains compared to PowerEdge T560
The PowerEdge T560 is 1.75x faster (in GB/s) than the T550 and 2.7x faster than the T440, both of which have DDR4 memory. These results confirm the massive increase in memory bandwidth with DDR5.[2]
Concluding Thoughts
Choosing a server with great headroom for supporting more transactions per second helps future-proof businesses against the performance roadblocks that inevitably arise as data needs grow. With 2.7x faster memory speeds and up to 3x the transactions per second compared to the T440, the PowerEdge T560 delivers both exceptional performance and scalability for data-driven businesses of any size.
While all three towers are prepared for a variety of workloads, the next-gen technologies in the T560 make it a great investment for businesses looking to stay ahead of the curve, especially in terms of database performance. Remember to look out for our next blog which reveals results from two AI inferencing benchmarks--Intel’s OpenVINO and TensorFlow--tested on these same systems.
For now, we’ll leave you with this:
Why did the tower server go apple picking?
To find the core of its processing power!
Don’t worry, we groaned too.
Resources
- Forrester Generative AI Report
- Sapphire Rapids and Memory Bandwidth
- PCIe Gen 5 Performance
- Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller 12 (PERC 12) 16th Generation (16G) Server Performance vs PERC 11 & PERC 10 (delltechnologies.com)
- Dell PowerEdge 16G Intel Servers Announced - StorageReview.com
- PostgreSQL pgbench Benchmark - OpenBenchmarking.org
- PostgreSQL: Documentation: 16: pgbench
- STREAM Benchmark
Authors: Olivia Mauger, Jeremy Johnson, Delmar Hernandez | Compute Tech Marketing
[1] Based on September 2023 Dell Technologies lab testing on PowerEdge T440, T550, and T560. We used a public PostgreSQL benchmark via Phoronix Test Suite.
[2] Based on September 2023 Dell Technologies lab testing on PowerEdge T440, T550, and T560. We used the public STREAM benchmark via Phoronix Test Suite.
Related Blog Posts
Six Years of Tower Servers: Accelerate Business Insights with AI Inferencing and the PowerEdge T560
Mon, 13 Nov 2023 19:44:02 -0000
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Tasked with describing PowerEdge tower servers in three words, ChatGPT landed on, “Reliable. Versatile, Scalable,” perfectly capturing the key qualities of PowerEdge towers. In the following blog, we’ll cover scalability in terms of – you guessed it – AI inferencing workloads.
Our deep learning and AI inferencing benchmarks revealed the PowerEdge T560 to perform up to 15.8x better than the T440 and up to 3.8x better than the T550. Even with over triple the performance, the T560 had nearly 74% lower latency compared to the T550 for the same workload. The rest of this blog highlights why the 2-socket T560 is well-suited for AI inferencing on CPU and provides greater detail behind the benchmarks – TensorFlow and OpenVINO – we tested in our lab.
In case you missed it in our last post, we covered exceptional database workload performance gains across the PowerEdge T440, T550, and T560. Make sure to give that a read to learn how these towers represent six years of innovation since the launch of 14th Generation PowerEdge servers.
PowerEdge towers and AI – a perfect pair
Databases, businesses applications, and virtualization are use cases commonly associated with tower servers. While the PowerEdge tower portfolio is designed to accelerate these more traditional workloads, it simultaneously matches the exploding business demand for AI solutions. In fact, IDC projects $154 billion in global AI spending this year, with retail and banking topping the industries with the greatest AI investment.
It is important to note that not all AI workloads look the same; they vary widely in scope and necessary compute power. Use cases range from predicting cancerous regions on CT scans to identifying the most trafficked aisles in a retail store. Irrespective of the specific application, McKinsey reveals organizations that adopted AI for specific functions in 2022 are already seeing a return on investment in 2023. Specifically, across all functions, an average of 59% of organizations report revenue increases from AI adoption and 42% report cost decreases.
Whether a business has a clearly defined need for AI compute power or anticipates having one in the future, the PowerEdge T560 scales with evolving industry demands. The key product features that drive the PowerEdge T560’s “AI-readiness” include:
- 2x Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processors
- Up to six single-width or two double-width GPUs
- PCle Gen 5 and DDR5 memory
Figure 1. PowerEdge T560 AI accelerators
Testing details and benchmark information
For our testing, we evaluated two AI inferencing performance benchmarks, TensorFlow and Intel’s OpenVINO, on the PowerEdge T440, T550, and T560 using Phoronix Test Suites. Inferencing, a subset of AI workloads, refers to the use of input data and an associated trained model to make real-time predictions. Common applications include detecting faces and monitoring traffic for incoming vehicles and pedestrians.
Both TensorFlow and OpenVINO are image-based, and we ran both on CPU. All systems tested were equipped with Intel® Xeon® processors, which is especially relevant to inferencing given that Intel reports “up to 70% of CPUs installed for inferencing are Intel Xeon processors.” While the T560’s GPU capacity allows businesses to scale up their AI workloads, our results show that inferencing on CPU alone still lends itself to impressive performance.
The full testing configurations are listed in the following table. Each system has a Gold-class Intel® Xeon® processor, equal memory capacity, and storage to reflect industry transitions. All testing was conducted in a Dell Technologies lab.
Note: We set the System Profile in BIOS setting to “Performance” on all systems, which has shown to boost out-of-the-box performance by up to 10%. Check out this paper for more details and other ways to simply and quickly optimize your AI workload performance.
Table 1. Testing configurations
| PowerEdge T440 | PowerEdge T550 | PowerEdge T560 |
CPU | Intel® Xeon® Gold 5222 4c/8T, TDP 105W | Intel® Xeon® Gold 6338N 32c/64T, TDP 185W | Intel® Xeon® Gold 6448Y 32c/64T, TDP 225W |
Storage | 4x 800 GB SAS SSD (RAID 5) | 4x 960 GB SAS SSD | 4x 1.6TB NVMe |
Memory | 512 GB DDR4
| 512 GB DDR4 | 512 GB DDR5 |
PowerEdge T560 inferencing performance “clean sweep”
We report TensorFlow inferencing performance results for three common deep learning architectures: AlexNet, VGG-16, and RestNet-50. Performance – or in this case throughput – is measured by the number of images processed every second. The higher the images per second value, the better the inferencing performance.
As shown in Figure 1, the PowerEdge T560 processed significantly more images per second compared to both prior-gen towers and across all three architectures. Most notably, the T560 demonstrated up to 318% higher throughput than the T440.
Figure 2. TensorFlow benchmark performance
Table 2 provides more details about the performance improvements across all systems and architectures tested.
Table 2. TensorFlow benchmark results
| T440 to T550 | T550 to T560 | T440 to T560 |
CPU-Batch Size[1]-Architecture | Percent Uplift in Throughput | ||
CPU -512- ResNet-50 | 171.32% | 22.11% | 231.32% |
CPU -512- VGG-16 | 234.12% | 25.13% | 318.08% |
CPU – 16 - AlexNet | 175.21% | 20.54% | 231.74% |
In a similar vein, we report OpenVINO performance results for four computer vision use cases:
- Person Detection
- Face Detection
- Age & Gender Recognition in Retail
- Person, Vehicle & Bike Detection
Performance is measured by both throughput in number of frames processed per second (FPS) and latency in milliseconds (ms). The higher the FPS value, the better the inferencing performance. Conversely, a lower latency indicates a quicker system response and therefore better performance.
The figures below illustrate changes in FPS for the four use cases across all three generations of tower servers. For Face Detection specifically, the T560 has 15.8x the FPS compared to the T440 and almost 4x the FPS compared to the T550.
Figure 3. Face Detection and Person Detection OpenVINO FPS
Figure 4. Age Gender Recognition Retail OpenVINO FPS
Figure 5. Person Vehicle Bike Detection OpenVINO FPS
The following table provides the FPS values for the use cases and all three systems tested.
Table 3. OpenVINO frames per second results
| PowerEdge T440 | PowerEdge T550 | PowerEdge T560 |
Model | Throughput in Frames per Second, More is Better | ||
Face Detection FP16 | 3.54 | 14.77 | 55.94 |
Person Detection FP16 | 1.94 | 7.6 | 17.37 |
Person Vehicle Bike Detection FP16 | 249.62
| 701.76 | 2732.94 |
Age Gender Recognition Retail FP16 | 8396.74 | 34131.92 | 80733.72 |
Lastly, the T560 reduces inferencing latency by up to 73% compared to the T550 on these same models, as illustrated in Figure 6.
Figure 6. Percent decrease in latency
The following table presents the latency values in ms for the T550 and T560.
Table 4. OpenVINO latency results
| PowerEdge T550 | PowerEdge T560 | Latency Reduction from T550 to T560 |
Model | Latency in ms, Less is Better | Reduction | |
Face Detection | 2164.53 | 570.48 | -73.64% |
Person Detection | 4130.79 | 1833.29 | -55.62% |
Person Vehicle Bike Detection | 45.56 | 23.4 | -48.64% |
Age Gender Recognition Retail | 1.73 | 0.72 | -58.38% |
Concluding Thoughts
Emerging AI workloads have taken numerous industries by storm, and the latest-gen PowerEdge T560 is built for businesses looking to scale up and reap the benefits of AI-generated insights. Between support for 4th Gen Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processors, up to 6 graphics cards, and DDR5 memory, this tower can handle both CPU- and GPU-heavy use cases.
Our recent AI inferencing testing on CPU revealed the PowerEdge T560 has:
Up to 318% percent better inferencing performance than the T440 for the TensorFlow benchmark
Up to 15.8x the inferencing performance compared to the T440 and almost 4x the performance compared to the T550 for the OpenVINO benchmark
Up to 73% lower latency compared to the T550 for the OpenVINO benchmark
While this concludes our blog series on “Six Years of Tower Servers,” we hope we have left you wanting to learn more about the PowerEdge T560. Don’t forget to check out our previous blog detailing exceptional database workload performance gains across tower servers. We’ll part ways with this short unboxing video for a look under the lid of the server:
Resources
- Six Years of Tower Servers: Exceptional Database Performance with PowerEdge T560 | Dell Technologies Info Hub
- Worldwide Spending on AI-Centric Systems Forecast to Reach $154 Billion in 2023, According to IDC
- The state of AI in 2023: Generative AI’s breakout year | McKinsey
- Tensorflow Benchmark - OpenBenchmarking.org
- OpenVINO Benchmark - OpenBenchmarking.org
- Optimize Inference with Intel® CPU Technology
[1] This is a manually set parameter, ranging from 16 to 512. Read about the parameter meaning here.
Legal Disclosures
Based on September 2023 Dell labs testing subjecting the PowerEdge T440, T550, and T560 tower servers to AI inference benchmarks – OpenVINO and TensorFlow via the Phoronix Test Suite. Actual results will vary.
Authors: Olivia Mauger, Jeremy Johnson, Delmar Hernandez | Compute Tech Marketing
AI-Powered Smart Cities: PowerEdge and Intel Team Up to Deliver the Future
Mon, 07 Aug 2023 19:49:44 -0000
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Have you ever found yourself stuck at a red light with no other cars in sight, wondering why it takes so long to change? Or witnessed another never-ending traffic study in your city? What if we harness artificial intelligence to help cities make smart decisions fast?
The power of AI in smart cities
Artificial intelligence has emerged as a critical technology that is driving advancements in smart cities. It can analyze vast amounts of data to identify patterns and help make informed decisions, allowing city leaders to respond swiftly. These real-time insights will revolutionize how cities manage their infrastructures and services.
Improving traffic flow with AI
Imagine a world where AI optimizes traffic flow, minimizes wasted commute time, and reduces traffic congestion and thus pollution. Dell Technologies, Intel, and Scalers AI developed a concept solution combining the power of the latest PowerEdge servers offering 4th Gen Intel® Xeon® CPUs and Intel Data Center Flex Series GPUs. This innovative solution harnesses every ounce of computing power offered in the latest generation of PowerEdge servers to deliver maximum server performance.
Leading the way with smart city solutions
We developed this cutting-edge concept solution to give us a glimpse of the possible. Our approach involves monitoring automotive behavior and traffic using real-time video footage from many strategically positioned cameras. By analyzing this data, the application identifies safety hazards like reckless driving and vehicle collisions, empowering cities to respond swiftly.
The impact of the Intel–Dell partnership
The partnership between Intel and Dell, supported by the expertise of Scalers AI, is driving smart cities into reality. The combined power of CPUs and GPUs for AI workloads enhances urban safety, sustainability, and efficiency. This collaboration allows cities to explore the potential of AI for real-world applications.
To learn more about this groundbreaking solution and how the latest technology from Dell Technologies and Intel will revolutionize urban living, visit https://infohub.delltechnologies.com/section-assets/07-09-intel-data-center-flex-series-gpu-with-poweredge-r660-driving-innovation.
Author: Delmar Hernandez